Ad neffeɣ si tlufa n tmurt n Lezzayer… ad nani tilkin deg uqerru n ikurdiyen !!!
Deg yiwet tadiwennit/Interview n yimnejlan/réfugiés yellan di ‘’la jungle de Calais’’ di Fransa (1), yal yiwen amek d-iḥka ɣef ubrid i t-id-issawden ɣer din, si mi d-irwel si tmurt-is.
Yiwen deg-sen si tmurt n Kurdistan i yellan deg wakal n Iraq. Inna-yas : « d laẓ i yi-d-issawḍen ɣer da, ffɣeɣ-d acku di tmurt-nneɣ, ma telliḍ n twacult Barzani neɣ Talabani, ad teččeḍ aɣrum, ma d wiyaḍ ulac ! ».
D awal issewhamen.
Asirem akked umennuɣ n Ikurdiyen akken ad ilin di tmurt-nsen, s udabu-nsen, s tutlayt-nsen akked yidles-nsen, ikka-d si nnig lqern, deffir ṭṭrad amezwaru n umaḍal (1914-1918). Taggara ar ass-a Ikurdiyen bḍan ɣef 4 tmura (Turk, Iran, Iraq, Surya), zun d irbiben n tmara, ɣas llan deg wakal-nsen anesli, nutni ttwaâzlen, ttwaḥeqren, ttwarekḍen.
Di 1946, niqal teldi-d tebburt, ilul-d uwanek akurdi (Etat kurde) di tmurt n Iran. Zun d targit kan, di beṭṭu ameqqran gar tmura, ittwakkes uwanek-nni di 1947.
Di yal tamurt deg llan Ikurdiyen, irkeḍ-iten udabu : Afersi (di Iran), Aterki (di Turk) neɣ Aârab (di Iraq akked Surya) ; ččuren leḥbas, ttwanɣan d timrawin.
Tadyant n lmut n 5000 n yemdanen s lgaz moutarde akked lgaz sarin, di tiɣremt n Halabja (Iraq), yesban-d i umaḍal udem n twaɣit deg llan Ikurdiyen. D ‘’Ali le chimique’’ (Ali Hassan al-Majid al Tikriti), aâmmi-s n Saddam Hussein, i yefkan deg wass n 16 meɣres 1998 timesrufag MIG akked Mirage s lbumbat n lmut, surgen-tent fell-asen.
Armi d 2005, si mi yeɣli udabu n Saddam Hussein, i d-tlul temnaṭ di tmurt n Iraq, ‘’timanit takurdit’’, Kurdistan Irakien autonome.
Timanit-nni iqbel-itt ugraw aɣelnaw amaynut, tura di tmenḍawt n Iraq, deg wass n 15 tuber 2005.
Maca yellan wugur ameqqran i d-iqqimen, zun d ‘’tagust n Jeḥḥa’’.
Sin ikabaren imeqqranen i yeseddan amennuɣ n Ikurdiyen ɣef izerfan-nsen di Iraq, mgal adabu n Beɣdad : PDK (Parti démocratique du Kurdistan) n Mustafa Barzani, akked UPK (Union Patriotique du Kurdistan) n Jalal Talabani.
Sin ikabaren-a mačči yiwen usalu-nsen, tikkelt dduklen, tikkelt d ixsimen.
Talalit n temnaṭ timanit (région autonome) di tmurt n Iraq, ar ass-a ur tessaweḍ ad ten-tesddukel, akken ad zdin d yiwen.
Di tallit deg Ikurdiyen n tmura nniḍen (Turk, Iran, Surya) ttwarekḍen s teɣdemt d rsas, nutni rran tamuɣli-nsen ɣer watmaten-nsen di Iraq, anda d-tettlal tmurt tilellit n Ikurdiyen am nutni. D win i d asirem-nsen akken azekka ad ilin am nutni, d Ikurdiyen di tlelli-nsen. Maca asirem-nni ameqqran iteddu ɣer layas akked tinnejlit.
Aḍris i d-iffɣen deg uɣmis Le Monde Diplomatique n yebrir 2023, « Le grand désenchantement kurde » (teffeɣ-asen tirga mxalfa i Yikurdiyen) (2), ifka-d tafat ɣef wakken tella tmurt-nni. Mačči d ayen sarmen Ikurdiyen i yennuɣen iseggasen d iseggasen mgal adabu n Beɣdad :
Ilmend ad kkren wid iṭṭfen ass-a adabu deg Irbil (tamanaɣt), akken ad bnun tamurt takurdit tatrart, ad rsun tuẓẓal n izerfan akked yidles akurdi, imeɣnasen n PDK akked wid n UPK bḍan tamurt d iḥricen… d agzar, akken ad tt-ččen. Yal akabar iṭṭef anda yufa : d tadamsa, d azenzi n petrole, d asekcem n tawsa/impôt…
Ar ass-a ur illi udabu idduklen ; snat les milices ttemgabarent, beddent ɣef tlisa n yeḥricen-nsent ; At Barzani sya, At Talabani syen, s warraw n warraw-nsen, tturaren am wurar n umcic d uɣerda, yiwen ur tt-ittemmiḥ i wayeḍ.
Yiwen umedya i tent-yugaren di tɣennant illan gar-asen : Tamdint n Kirkuk tella ṭṭfen-tt Ikurdiyen si 2014. Deg-s lebyur/inan n petrole. Adabu n Beɣdzad ur iqbil ad tili temnaṭ-nni di tmurt n Kurdistan ; deg wass n 16 di tuber 2017, ifka iserdasen-is akken ad tt-kecmen. Di Kirkuk, llan kan iserdasen n UPK, maca ur zmiren ad qablen tazmert tameqqrant i yefka Beɣdad. Ilmend ad ɣren i tallalt n iserdasen n PDK, nutni si tɣennant-nni, ffɣen si Kirkuk, rewlen, ǧǧan-tt i yiserdasen n Beɣdad !
Ass-a, ttrika tameqqrant n temnaṭ n Kirkuk ur telli gar ifassen n Ikurdiyen !
Tamsirt si tedyant Ikurdiyen :
D yir tallit i tmurt n Ikurdiyen n Iraq, ɣas ulac timesrufag i yessurugen fell-asen lbumbat n tmes, am di tallit-nni n Saddam.
Ilmend deg ad tebnu tmurt n Ikurdiyen timanit di tmurt n Iraq, wid illan deg udabu lhan-d di takerḍa akken ufan. Azekka, ad asen-ikcem udabu n Beɣdad, s tezmert tameqqrant, ad ten-iḥkem am akken tella zik, ad ikrez yis-sen.
Di yal tamurt, Amennuɣ ɣef timanit issefk ad yili d asurif amezwaru kan, aɣbel d ayen d-iteddun.
Amennuɣ ameqqran, d win illan ɣer zdat, d bennu n tmurt tatrart ara iḥarben ɣef tarwa n tmurt, akken ur ttnejlin ɣer tmura n medden. Imnejli-nni n Calais, d lbaṭel n watmaten-is Ikurdiyen i t-issawḍen ɣer din, mačci d lbumbat n Saddam Hussein.
Mazal tufrar tagut ɣef Ikuridyen : Di Iraq, d tazzla ɣer tedrimt gar At Barzani (PDK) akked At Talabani (UPK) ; di Turk d ṭtrad n PPK mgal adabu n Ankara, di Iran d amennuɣ mgal adabu n yinselmen at ugennur n Teheran, di Surya d bennu n temnaṭ timanit n Rojava, di twaɣit nniḍen.
Ikurdiyen n Rojava zzin-asen yemcumen si yal tama, zun llan gar tɣemdin : akka d Turk ur neqbil Kurdistan ɣer tlisa-s n wadda, akkin d adabu n Damas, akkin wayeḍ d iserdasen n DAECH/awanek ineslem (EI).
Anda yezmer ad yili usirem di yir tallit-a ?
Aumer U Lamara
Timerna / Notes :
1) ‘’La jungle de Calais’’, di Fransa, d tiẓgi yellan tama n temdint n Calais. Isem-is La Lande. Din i dduklen yimnejlan/réfugiés n tmura, kkaten yal ass akken ad afen abrid ad zegren ɣer tmurt n Legliz, deg ikamyunen iteddun ad zeggren, neɣ di teflukin n twaɣit, tissi ad tezger, tissi ad tezder.
2) Article « Le grand désenchantement kurde », Le Monde diplomatique, N° 829, avril 2013, Vicken Cheterien.
ihi timmunent i thmurt taqvaylith.